M. M. Karadan

Among different volcanic peak types, the smallest ones are called Cinder cones. These are the cone-shaped structures. Although the basaltic magma is most common, their magma chemistry varies. These are built by the pyroclastic materials which are ejected from the vent of volcano. The steepness of the slopes are determined by the size of ejected particles. More the tiny particles (Ash) more the steepness of the cone (up to 35°), and larger ejecta (cinders) smaller the slope (25°). These are often found in association with other volcanoes and cinder cones are having a height of generally of 450 meters (1500 feet). The same vent which produces cinder cones are only responsible for the occasional flow of lava also. PC: Physical Geography by D. Hess and D.G. Tasa.

1. Which has a higher albedo, an asphalt parking lot, or a snow-covered field? a) asphalt parking lot b) snow-covered field c) they have the same albedo d) more information is needed to answer this question Ans. (b) 2. Which has a lower albedo, a sandy desert, or a forest? a) sandy desert b) forest c) they have the same albedo d) more information is needed to answer this question Ans. (b) 3. Imagine two planets. Planet Alpha is completely covered by an ocean, and has an overall average albedo of 10%. Planet Beta is blanketed by clouds, and has an overall average albedo of 80%. Which planet reflects more sunlight back into space? a) Planet Alpha b) Planet Beta c) the two planets reflect the same amount of light d) more information is needed to answer this question Ans. (b) 4. Imagine you are looking at two plots of land while flying over in an airplane at midday. Plot #1 looks very bright. Plot #2 looks very dark. Which plot of land has a lower albedo? a) Plot #1 b) Plot #2 c) they have...